Mathematical Physics 



1 Vector and Matrix Algebra

1.1 Notation, I

1.2 Vector Operations, 5

2 Differential and Integral Operations on Vector and Scalar Fields 18

2.1 Plotting Scalar and Vector Fields, 18

2.2 Integral Operators, 20

2.3 Differential Operations, 23

2.4 Integral Definitions of the Differential Operators, 34

2.5 TheTheorems, 35

3 Curvilinear Coordinate Systems

3.1 The Position Vector, 44

3.2 The Cylindrical System, 45

3.3 The Spherical System, 48

3.4 General Curvilinear Systems, 49

3.5 The Gradient, Divergence, and Curl in Cylindrical and Spherical

4 Introduction to Tensors 67

4.1 The Conductivity Tensor and Ohm’s Law, 67

4.2 General Tensor Notation and Terminology, 71

4.3 Transformations Between Coordinate Systems, 7 1

4.4 Tensor Diagonalization, 78

4.5 Tensor Transformations in Curvilinear Coordinate Systems, 84

4.6 Pseudo-Objects, 86

5 The Dirac &Function

5.1 Examples of Singular Functions in Physics, 100

5.2 Two Definitions of &t), 103

5.3 6-Functions with Complicated Arguments, 108

5.4 Integrals and Derivatives of 6(t), 11 1

5.5 Singular Density Functions, 114

5.6 The Infinitesimal Electric Dipole, 121

5.7 Riemann Integration and the Dirac &Function, 125

6 Introduction to Complex Variables

6.1 A Complex Number Refresher, 135

6.2 Functions of a Complex Variable, 138

6.3 Derivatives of Complex Functions, 140

6.4 The Cauchy Integral Theorem, 144

6.5 Contour Deformation, 146

6.6 The Cauchy Integrd Formula, 147

6.7 Taylor and Laurent Series, 150

6.8 The Complex Taylor Series, 153

6.9 The Complex Laurent Series, 159

6.10 The Residue Theorem, 171

6.1 1 Definite Integrals and Closure, 175

6.12 Conformal Mapping, 189

CONTENTS

7 Fourier Series

7.1 The Sine-Cosine Series, 219

7.2 The Exponential Form of Fourier Series, 227

7.3 Convergence of Fourier Series, 231

7.4 The Discrete Fourier Series, 234

8 Fourier Transforms

8.1 Fourier Series as To -+ m, 250

8.2 Orthogonality, 253

8.3 Existence of the Fourier Transform, 254

8.4 The Fourier Transform Circuit, 256

8.5 Properties of the Fourier Transform, 258

8.6 Fourier Transforms-Examples, 267

8.7 The Sampling Theorem, 290

9 Laplace Transforms

9.1 Limits of the Fourier Transform, 303

9.2 The Modified Fourier Transform, 306

9.3 The Laplace Transform, 313

9.4 Laplace Transform Examples, 314

9.5 Properties of the Laplace Transform, 318

9.6 The Laplace Transform Circuit, 327

9.7 Double-Sided or Bilateral Laplace Transforms, 331

10 Differential Equations

10.1 Terminology, 339

10.2 Solutions for First-Order Equations, 342

10.3 Techniques for Second-Order Equations, 347

10.4 The Method of Frobenius, 354

10.5 The Method of Quadrature, 358

10.6 Fourier and Laplace Transform Solutions, 366

10.7 Green’s Function Solutions, 376

X

11 Solutions to Laplace’s Equation

11.1 Cartesian Solutions, 424

1 1.2 Expansions With Eigenfunctions, 433

11.3 Cylindrical Solutions, 441

1 1.4 Spherical Solutions, 458

12 Integral Equations

12.1 Classification of Linear Integral Equations, 492

12.2 The Connection Between Differential and

Integral Equations, 493

12.3 Methods of Solution, 498

13 Advanced Topics in Complex Analysis

13.1 Multivalued Functions, 509

13.2 The Method of Steepest Descent, 542

14 Tensors in Non-Orthogonal Coordinate Systems

14.1 A Brief Review of Tensor Transformations, 562

14.2 Non-Orthononnal Coordinate Systems, 564

15 Introduction to Group Theory

15.1 The Definition of a Group, 597

15.2 Finite Groups and Their Representations, 598

15.3 Subgroups, Cosets, Class, and Character, 607

15.4 Irreducible Matrix Representations, 612

15.5 Continuous Groups, 630

Appendix A The Led-Cidta Identity

Appendix B The Curvilinear Curl

Appendiv C The Double Integral Identity

Appendix D Green’s Function Solutions

Appendix E Pseudovectors and the Mirror Test